普通抹面砂漿是建筑工程中用量非常大的抹灰砂漿。其功能主要是保護墻體、地面不受風雨及有害雜質的侵蝕，提高防潮、防腐蝕、抗風化性能，增加耐久性；同時使建筑達到表面平整、清潔和美觀的效果。普通抹面砂漿又可根據使用部位分為內墻抹灰砂漿和外墻抹灰砂漿。內墻多采用混合砂漿，外墻常用摻防水劑的水泥砂漿。

Ordinary plastering mortar is the most commonly used plastering mortar in construction projects. Its main function is to protect walls and floors from erosion by wind, rain, and harmful impurities, improve moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, and weathering resistance, and increase durability; Simultaneously achieving a smooth, clean, and aesthetically pleasing surface for the building. Ordinary plastering mortar can be divided into interior wall plastering mortar and exterior wall plastering mortar according to the application site. Mixed mortar is commonly used for interior walls, while cement mortar mixed with waterproofing agents is commonly used for exterior walls.

裝飾砂漿在滿足保護功能的同時，更注重表面的裝飾效果。防水砂漿具有較高的耐水性和強度，適用于浴室、潮濕車間等潮濕環境。絕熱砂漿由輕質多孔骨料制成，具有吸聲性能，可用于室內墻壁和平頂。此外還有耐腐蝕砂漿、防輻射砂漿、吸聲砂漿等特殊功能砂漿。

Decorative mortar not only meets the protective function, but also pays more attention to the decorative effect on the surface. Waterproof mortar has high water resistance and strength, and is suitable for humid environments such as bathrooms and damp workshops. Thermal insulation mortar is made of lightweight porous aggregates, which have sound absorption properties and can be used for indoor walls and ceilings. In addition, there are special functional mortars such as corrosion-resistant mortar, radiation resistant mortar, and sound-absorbing mortar.

抹面砂漿的分層施工

Layered construction of plastering mortar

抹面砂漿通常分為兩層或三層進行施工，各層砂漿要求不同。

The plastering mortar is usually constructed in two or three layers, with different requirements for each layer of mortar.

底層砂漿起黏結基層的作用，要求砂漿具有良好的和易性和較高的黏結力。底面的保水性要好，否則水分易被基層材料吸收而影響黏結力。基層表面粗糙些有利于與砂漿的黏結。磚墻底層多用石灰砂漿，混凝土基體常用混合砂漿。

The bottom mortar plays a role in bonding the base layer, requiring the mortar to have good workability and high bonding strength. The bottom surface should have good water retention, otherwise moisture is easily absorbed by the base material and affects the bonding strength. A rougher surface of the base layer is beneficial for bonding with mortar. Lime mortar is commonly used for the bottom layer of brick walls, while mixed mortar is commonly used for concrete substrates.

中層主要是為了找平，有時可以省去不做。

The middle level is mainly for leveling, sometimes it can be omitted.

面層主要為了獲得平整、光潔的表面效果。面層要求平整、光潔、細致、美觀。對木板條基底及面層，多用纖維材料增加其抗拉強度以防止開裂。

The surface layer is mainly used to achieve a flat and smooth surface effect. The surface layer should be flat, smooth, delicate, and aesthetically pleasing. For the base and surface layer of wood batten, fiber materials shall be used to increase its tensile strength to prevent cracking.